Vaslui County School Inspectorate*

Educational incentives are granted to children from disadvantaged families, provided that the following criteria are cumulatively met:

a) the child is enrolled in a preschool education unit, according to LEN no. 1/2011, with subsequent amendments and completions;

b) the monthly income per family member is up to twice the level of the guaranteed minimum income for a single person, provided by Law no. 416/2001 on the guaranteed minimum income, with subsequent amendments and completions.

Law no. 248/2015 on stimulating participation in preschool education of children from disadvantaged families; Government Decision No. 15/2016 for approving the Methodological Norms for the implementation of the provisions of Law no. 248/2015 on stimulating participation in preschool education of children from disadvantaged families and the procedure for granting social vouchers for kindergarten.

The "School after School" Program (ȘDȘ) is a complementary program to the compulsory school curriculum, offering formal and non-formal learning opportunities for skill consolidation, remedial learning, and acceleration of learning through educational, recreational, and leisure activities, and is addressed to both primary and secondary school students.

The SDS program can take place before or after the compulsory school schedule (depending on the timetable of each level of study), at the school, if it has the material and human resources necessary to organize this program.

In primary education, the SDS program includes activities with specialized support (supervision and guidance in doing homework, recovery for students with cognitive, emotional difficulties, language disorders through remedial activities, counseling, speech therapy, activities to encourage independent reading, etc.), workshops/thematic activities, and other recreational activities.

Each school, according to the target group, organizes modules of activity packages by combining the activities mentioned above.

In secondary education, the SDS program includes the package of activities for learning acceleration and performance (preparing for participation in competitions and school Olympics, sports and artistic contests, by subject, participation/organization of festivals, exhibitions, creating school publications, participation in European cooperation activities), the support activity package (providing psycho-pedagogical assistance for overcoming learning gaps, support activities for doing homework, remedial activities, psychological counseling) and the life preparation package (organizing personal development activities, activities aimed at developing an active attitude and student involvement, healthy lifestyle, career education, etc.).

The program can be organized modularly, on time units established at the school level, depending on the target group and identified needs, by combining activity packages oriented towards the development of transferable skills.

The program is carried out in groups of students (maximum 12 students), formed according to the identified options and needs. The activities are designed, organized, and conducted by teachers from primary and secondary education, counselors, support teachers, librarians, speech therapists, laboratory staff, pedagogues, coaches, school mediators, volunteers from the school, from partner institutions and authorized organizations.

The "Second Chance" program is aimed at adolescents, young people, and adults from diverse social backgrounds and varying ages who have not attended or completed primary and lower secondary education. The program offers these categories of people the possibility to continue and complete mandatory education without having to interrupt any professional or family activities they may be engaged in.

The program is structured at two levels: Second Chance - primary education and Second Chance - lower secondary education – the latter also including a professional training component.

There is no upper age limit for those who wish to enroll in this program. The condition is that they have exceeded by at least 4 years the age corresponding to the grade and find themselves in the following situations:

For the Second Chance - primary education program:

• they have not participated in formal - school education at all;
• they were enrolled but dropped out of primary education - regardless of the timing and reasons for dropping out;
• they have not completed primary education by the age of 14.

For the Second Chance - lower secondary education program:

• they have completed mandatory primary education (including in the Second Chance system) but did not continue their education further

or:

• they completed part of the grades corresponding to lower secondary education (V, VI, or VII), but dropped out during this educational cycle - regardless of the timing and reasons for dropping out.

The Second Chance program is flexible, so as to motivate learners to complete it, to offer schools more autonomy in its implementation, and to provide the necessary support to everyone involved, through teacher training programs and educational materials for both learners and teaching staff. Through the program, innovative elements were introduced in the educational process, such as: modular curriculum and the credit system for basic education, the evaluation, certification, and recognition of competencies acquired previously by learners, and the provision of individualized training programs.

Enrollment in the Second Chance program can be done each year, in two sessions: October and February.

Students enrolled in the program can have very different levels and expectations. The new program ensures a transparent offer of modules that students can follow to develop skills, as a result of participating in cooperative learning activities, in real contexts, and with tasks and topics that meet their interests and needs.

Learning will take place in small groups (8-15 students in each class). Classes can be held in various time slots (on weekdays in the afternoon or evening, on Saturdays, or during school holidays, etc.) depending on the possibilities of the learners and teaching staff. Individual consultation hours are planned and available to students.

The program has a flexible duration. The average schooling period (2 years for primary education, and 4 years for lower secondary education) can be shortened for each student individually, depending on proven skills, both in basic education and professional training.

Graduates are entitled to continue their studies, according to the law, as follows:

Graduates of the Second Chance Program - primary education can continue their studies in lower secondary education;

Graduates of the Second Chance Program - lower secondary education can continue their studies in upper secondary education (upper secondary school cycle) or can undergo practical training stages, after which they may also obtain a level 3 professional qualification certificate.

For young people in the program, the graduation certificate will not only signify personal success, but the chance for another tomorrow.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out according to the regulatory framework approved by the Ministry of Education.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting the admission to public high school education for the 2011-2012 school year, approved by the order of the minister of education, research, youth and sports no. 4.802/2010 regarding the organization and conduct of the admission to public high school education for the 2011-2012 school year.

Aptitude tests organized for admission to vocational high schools for the 2018-2019 school year are carried out in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting, and the structure of aptitude tests for admission to vocational high schools, as provided in annex no. 3 to the order of the Minister of National Education no. 4.432/2014, with subsequent amendments.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to public vocational education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out in accordance with the Methodology for organizing and conducting the admission to public vocational education, approved by the Order of the Minister of National Education and Scientific Research no. 5.068/2016.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to dual vocational education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out in accordance with the framework methodology for organizing and conducting the admission to dual vocational education for level 3 professional qualifications, according to the National Qualifications Framework, approved by the order of the Minister of National Education no. 3.556/2017.

Candidates who, during middle school, pass internationally recognized exams for the certification of language skills in foreign languages may request the recognition and equivalence of the results obtained in these exams with the test for assessing modern language knowledge for admission to 9th grade classes with bilingual modern language teaching programs of international circulation.

This procedure regulates the manner of organizing and conducting the language proficiency test for admission to the fifth grade with an intensive program for teaching a modern international language, at the level of public or private pre-university educational institutions in Romania, based on the provisions of Art. 6 (2) and (3) of the Framework Regulation for organizing and functioning classes with intensive or bilingual teaching of a modern language in pre-university educational institutions, approved by OMEN no. 4797/31.08.2017.

The Ministry of National Education informs that, in order to enroll children aged between 3 and 6 years in preschool education, the following successive stages will take place at the level of each educational institution:

• re-enrollment of children who are attending kindergarten this school year and wish to attend it in the 2018-2019 school year as well - will begin on May 7;
• enrollment of new children will take place starting May 21.

The schedule for re-enrollment and enrollment will be established by the management of the educational institution and will be posted in a visible place in each kindergarten, for informing parents and the interested public, including on its website (if it exists), and possibly on the websites of the school inspectorates.

The allocation of available places, after the re-enrollment process is completed, will generally be done in descending order of age groups, as follows: big group (5-year-old children), middle group (4-year-old children), and small group (3-year-old children). According to Government Decision no. 1.252/2012 and within the limit of available places, children aged between 2 and 3 years can also be enrolled in the small group.

If, in an educational institution, the number of enrollment requests is greater than the number of available places, general selection criteria and specific selection criteria will be applied successively.

The general selection criteria are as follows:

• the existence of a document proving that a child is an orphan of both parents (the situation of a child coming from an orphanage/a placement center/foster care is assimilated to the situation of a child orphaned by both parents);
• the existence of a document proving that the child is orphaned by one parent;
• the existence of a brother/sister enrolled in the respective educational institution;
• the existence of a medical certificate certifying the child’s degree of disability.

The specific selection criteria (developed by each preschool education institution, approved by its Board of Administration and endorsed by the County School Inspectorate/of the municipality of Bucharest by May 18) cannot be discriminatory and cannot include pre-enrollment lists. Also, the specific selection criteria will only be applied after the general criteria have been exhausted.

To ensure the transparency of the re-enrollment/enrollment process, the management of preschool education units will display in a visible place, for all interested, the following information:

• the capacity of the institution (the number of children for which it was designed);
• number of places approved by the schooling plan for the 2018-2019 school year (by age groups: small, middle, big);
• the general and specific criteria for enrolling children;
• the number of children re-enrolled/enrolled daily (during the established period) from the total available.

We mention that private preschool education units also have the obligation to visibly display information about their status, namely whether they are authorized to operate provisionally or are accredited by the Agency for Quality Assurance in Pre-University Education (ARACIP).

Post-secondary education is organized for professional qualifications established by the Ministry of National Education in accordance with the National Qualifications Registry.

Graduates of high school with or without a baccalaureate diploma may enroll in post-secondary education, admission being carried out in accordance with the general criteria established by the Ministry of National Education.

Post-secondary education is provided through post-secondary school and master school. Both post-secondary school and master school represent specialized training routes, with a duration of 1-3 years, depending on the complexity of the qualification.

Graduates of post-secondary education who pass the professional qualification certification exam obtain a level 5 qualification certificate according to the National Qualifications Framework, corresponding to the reference level 5 of the European Qualifications Framework (specialist technician) and the descriptive supplement of the certificate, according to Europass.

Post-secondary education is organized in post-secondary schools, within high schools with legal personality, or in colleges within accredited higher education institutions.

State post-secondary education is financed through the local budgets of the administrative-territorial units, from amounts allocated from state budget revenues and from local budget revenues. Schooling can also be financed by applicants, individuals or legal entities, based on a contract concluded with the educational unit that provides the schooling.

Education and professional training credits obtained in post-secondary education may be recognized for graduates with a baccalaureate diploma by universities, based on university senate decisions, as transferable study credit units for the bachelor's level.

​

Teaching and Research Titles

Employment in a teaching or research position within higher education institutions is done for a fixed term or for an indefinite period. Employment for an indefinite period in any teaching or research position is possible only through a public competition, organized by the higher education institution, after obtaining the doctoral title. See also HG_457_2011 (annex 8).

Only persons who meet the minimum and mandatory standards for registration for the competition for occupying teaching and research positions in higher education, approved by Order no. 6560/2012 regarding the approval of the minimal and mandatory standards necessary for awarding teaching titles in higher education and professional research-development degrees, with subsequent amendments and completions (annex 9), can apply for teaching and research positions in higher education.

The following teaching and research positions are found in higher education institutions:

- teaching positions:

a) university assistant;

b) university lecturer/laboratory chief;

c) university associate professor;

d) university professor.

- research positions:

a) research assistant;

b) scientific researcher;

c) scientific researcher grade III;

d) scientific researcher grade II;

e) scientific researcher grade I.

The equivalence of research positions with teaching positions is as follows:

a) scientific researcher is equivalent to university assistant, for persons holding a doctoral degree;

b) scientific researcher grade III is equivalent to university lecturer/laboratory chief;

c) scientific researcher grade II is equivalent to university associate professor;

d) scientific researcher grade I is equivalent to university professor.

The general list of teaching and auxiliary research positions in higher education is approved by Joint Order (MENCS/MMFPSPV) No. 6419/2858/2011 (annex 10).

Higher education institutions with available positions can be found here: www.jobs.edu.ro

In the case of incorrect completion due to the fault of the educational institution issuing the original certificate or in the case of presentation of the original damaged certificate so that it can no longer produce the effects for which it was issued, based on a written request from the applicant, the educational institution that issued the respective certificate issues a duplicate thereof, prepared based on the documents found in the archive of the educational institution from which the applicant’s school records result.

In case of loss, destruction, or theft of the original certificate, the request for issuing the duplicate is accompanied by the following documents, which are archived with a retention period of 100 years at the school inspectorate, while the certified copies "according to the original" are kept at the educational institution:

a) the notarial/consular declaration, given by the holder of the certificate, which includes all elements necessary for identification, the circumstances under which the original certificate was lost, as well as other statements to confirm the disappearance of the respective certificate. The following mention is mandatory: "the original certificate was not left as collateral/guarantee at any state or private institution, in the country or abroad, and was not knowingly transferred to another individual or legal entity";

b) proof of publication of the loss, destruction, or theft of the certificate in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part III;

c) notarized copy of the birth/marriage certificate;

d) two color photographs, size 3 x 4 cm;

e) written approval of the board of administration of the school inspectorate for issuing the duplicate, following the documents submitted by the educational institution.

For more details, please consult:

ORDER No. 3844/2016 of May 24, 2016 for the approval of the Regulation regarding the regime of study certificates and school documents managed by pre-university educational institutions

The National Evaluation for 8th grade students represents the method of external summative assessment of the competencies acquired during lower secondary education.

The exam takes place annually in a single session. Both candidates from public education and those from private education have the right to take the National Evaluation (EN) free of charge.

The average grade obtained in EN VIII is a decisive criterion for admission to high school education.

Coordination at the national level for the planning, organization, and conduct of EN VIII, as well as the use of its results, is ensured by the Ministry of Education through the National Center for Evaluation and Examination (CNEE).

The development of specific evaluation procedures is carried out by CNEE, following consultation with the specialty departments of the ministry.

Coordination at the county/Bucharest municipality level for the organization of EN VIII, as well as the use of its results, is ensured by the school inspectorate.

The "Professional Scholarship" is a national social program addressed to all students attending vocational education and consists of monthly financial support.

The "Professional Scholarship" is also granted to the children of foreigners who are beneficiaries of a form of protection in Romania or to foreigners, respectively citizens of the European Union/European Economic Area and of the Swiss Confederation with the right of residence/residency on the territory of Romania, who attend vocational education.

Students in vocational education cannot benefit simultaneously from the "Professional Scholarship" and from the financial support granted to students within the national social protection program "High School Money".

At the level of the Ministry of Education, a national commission is established to monitor the granting of the "Professional Scholarship".

In order to stimulate school attendance, in 2002 the School Supplies Program was launched, addressing students in state education, primary and lower secondary, day courses. At the beginning of each school year, packages with school supplies specific to each class are distributed.

The composition of the packages of school supplies granted to students is established based on the Methodology for Applying the Provisions of Law no. 126/2002 for the approval of the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 33/2001 regarding the granting of school supplies.

Funding request submitted by the Ministry of National Education, at the beginning of September 2017, through the Operational Program for the Aid of Disadvantaged Persons (POAD) 2014-2020 was approved. The decision allows, starting with this school year, the purchase of supplies for preschoolers, as well as the supplementation with backpacks of the supply packages granted to students in primary and lower secondary education.

1. Enrolment in Pre-university Education

1.1. Admission Conditions

1.1.1. Pupils from non-EU states may be enrolled in Romanian pre-university education if one of the parents, guardians or legal supporters falls under one of the following situations:

is repatriated;
has domicile in Romania through marriage;
is the holder of a residence permit in Romania;
carries out, according to legal provisions, activities on the territory of Romania;
is studying in state/private accredited university or postgraduate education in Romania.

1.2. Application File

1.2.1. The pupil's file is sent to the Ministry of National Education – General Directorate of International Relations and European Affairs (DGRIAE), by the County School Inspectorate / Bucharest School Inspectorate in the area where the school for which the application is made operates and contains the following documents:

Copies of the identity documents of the pupil and of the parents/guardian/legal supporter (pupil birth certificate, pupil passport, parents' passport, pupil residence permit, parents' residence permit, if they have one);
Copy and notarized translation of the pupil's birth certificate;
Copy of the judicial decision regarding the custody of the minor child, if applicable;
Copies and notarized translations of school records;
Application for enrolment for studies, approved by the management of the educational institution where the enrolment will take place.

1.3. Enrolment for Studies

1.3.1. Enrolment is done upon approval issued by the MEN – DGRIAE, based on the study documents in the personal file, without differential exams.

1.3.2. Enrolment of pupils from non-EU states, based on periods of studies undertaken abroad, proven by school records, can also be carried out during the school year, in accordance with the provisions of the Regulation on the organization and functioning of pre-university education institutions, approved by Minister of National Education Order no. 5115/2014

1.3.3. At the request of the parents/guardian, the pupil may also be enrolled in a lower class than the level of studies resulting from the documents.

1.4. School Fees

1.4.1. In compulsory education, foreign pupils benefit from schooling under the same conditions as Romanian citizens.

1.4.2. In upper secondary high school education, pupils from non-EU states pay tuition fees, in accordance with the provisions of Law no. 1/2011.

1.4.3. In pre-university education of all levels, foreign citizens who have obtained a form of protection in Romania may be schooled under the same conditions as Romanian citizens. The class in which pupils from this category, who do not have study documents, can be enrolled will be established following an evaluation carried out by the school unit nominated by the County School Inspectorate / Bucharest School Inspectorate.

2. Taking the Baccalaureate Exam by Citizens of Non-EU States Who Have Completed High School Studies in Another Education System and Do Not Hold a Baccalaureate Diploma or its Equivalent

2.1. Citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another education system and do not hold a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent may take, upon request, the national baccalaureate exam, depending on the profile of the pre-university studies completed, at an exam center established by the County/Bucharest Baccalaureate Commission.

2.2. The taking of the national baccalaureate exam by citizens of non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another education system and do not hold a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent, is conditioned upon the payment of the tuition fee, according to the provisions of Law no. 1/2011.

The admission of eighth grade graduates to state high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out according to the regulatory framework approved by the Ministry of Education.

The admission of eighth grade graduates to state high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting admission to state high school education for the 2011-2012 school year, approved by Order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth and Sports No. 4.802/2010 regarding the organization and conducting of admission to state high school education for the 2011-2012 school year.

The aptitude tests organized for admission in the 2018-2019 school year in vocational high schools are carried out in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting, and the structure of the aptitude tests for admission to vocational high schools, provided in Annex No. 3 to the Order of the Minister of National Education No. 4.432/2014, with subsequent amendments.

Candidates who pass, during secondary school education, internationally recognized exams for certification of language competencies in foreign languages can request recognition and equivalence of the results obtained in these exams with the test for verifying knowledge of a modern language for admission to ninth grade classes with a bilingual curriculum for teaching a modern language of international circulation.

Enrollment in primary education is based on a methodology approved by the Ministry of Education.

Thus, children who turn 6 years old by August 31, 2018, inclusive, must be enrolled in the preparatory class, in accordance with the Education Law.

Parents must go to the school inspectorates and educational institutions, as these are obliged to provide information and counseling regarding enrollment.

Lists with school districts must be displayed at the headquarters of inspectorates and educational institutions, and parents must be informed about the content of educational activities carried out in the preparatory class, the didactic approach, the organization of the school program, etc.

Children who turn 6 years old between September 1 - December 31, 2018, inclusive, can be enrolled if their psychosomatic development is appropriate.

All educational institutions are obliged to provide information regarding the enrollment procedure for children in primary education, regardless of whether the parents belong to the respective district or not.

I. PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION:

Methodology for schooling Romanians from everywhere in the state pre-university education in Romania in tuition-free places with scholarship, or tuition-free places without scholarship starting with the 2017-2018 school year

1. Enrollment form pre-university education 2018-2019​

2. Offer of places pre-university education 2018-2019

Both the enrollment form and the offer of places in pre-university education will also be published on the School Inspectorate website.

II. HIGHER EDUCATION:​

1. In the 2018 - 2019 academic year, Romanian state higher education institutions organize the admission competition for Romanians from everywhere, including citizens of the Republic of Moldova, for undergraduate/master’s/doctoral studies, based on university autonomy, similar to the previous year, according to the provisions of the methodology for schooling in higher education;

2. Candidates can opt for any field of study and any Romanian state higher education institution or, for candidates from the Republic of Moldova, within the branches opened by Romanian universities in Chișinău, Cahul and Bălți;

3. For ensuring adherence to the application deadline established by the higher education institutions, we recommend exclusively submitting application files to the universities, to avoid delays in their collection/processing, in case they are sent via other channels;

4. Enrollment in accredited state and private higher education in Romania, on fee-paying places in lei, is done based on the provisions of MEN Order no. 4294/29.06.2017;

5. Additional information on admission to Romanian universities can be obtained by accessing the links of each higher education institution in the informative document attached to this procedure.

Higher education is organized in universities, academies of studies, institutes, schools of higher studies, hereinafter referred to as institutions of higher education or universities, which have obtained provisional authorization to operate or accreditation.

Institutions of higher education are educational provider organizations that carry out educational activities based on study programs authorized to operate provisionally/accredited under the law, for initial and continuing university-level training, programs that operate on the principle of quality and matching the educational offer with the labor market.

The national higher education system includes all accredited institutions of higher education. An institution of higher education authorized to operate provisionally, according to the legal procedures in force, becomes part of the national higher education system only after accreditation. For more information you can also access the website of the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education - www.aracis.ro .

Institutions of higher education can be public, private or denominational. These institutions have legal personality, are nonprofit and are apolitical. Institutions of higher education are legal entities under public law or, as the case may be, legal entities under private law and of public utility.

University autonomy is guaranteed by the Constitution. Academic freedom is guaranteed by law. Public accountability is also regulated for any institution of higher education, public or private.

Through an annual government decision, the following are validated:

• Nomenclature of fields and undergraduate/specialization/study programs per union
• the structure of accredited or provisionally authorized institutions of higher education, public or private, with:
  • fields of undergraduate studies and accredited or provisionally authorized specializations/study programs,
  • geographical locations of operation,
  • number of transferable study credits for each undergraduate study program,
  • form of education and language of instruction,
  • maximum number of students who can be enrolled

The mission of higher education is to generate and transfer knowledge to society both through initial and continuing training at university level, in order to develop the individual, facilitate professional insertion, and meet the competence needs of the socio-economic environment, as well as through scientific research, development, innovation and technology transfer, through individual and collective creation, in the fields of science, engineering sciences, arts, literature, by ensuring physical and sports performance and development, as well as the valorization and dissemination of their results. All these are carried out in compliance with the following principles:

a) the principle of university autonomy;

b) the principle of academic freedom;

c) the principle of public accountability;

d) the principle of quality assurance;

e) the principle of equity;

f) the principle of managerial and financial efficiency;

g) the principle of transparency;

h) the principle of respecting the rights and freedoms of students and academic staff;

i) the principle of independence from ideologies, religions and political doctrines;

j) the principle of national and international mobility freedom for students, teaching staff and researchers;

k) the principle of consulting social partners in decision-making;

l) the principle of student-centered education.

The structure of the academic year (according to Law no. 1/2011 – art. 136)

• The academic year usually begins on the first working day of October, includes two semesters and ends on September 30 of the following calendar year.
• A semester usually lasts 14 weeks of teaching activities followed, as a rule, by a minimum of 3 weeks of exams.
• The structure of the academic year is approved by the university senate.
• In the awarding of transferable study credits in a semester, a period of at least 17 weeks is considered.
• The university senate of each institution of higher education annually approves, at least 3 months before the beginning of the academic year, the regulations regarding the professional activity of students, as well as the calendar of educational activities specific to academic semesters of study.

The Ministry of Education has been running for more than 12 years the national social protection program "High School Money", through which financial support is provided to students in high schools and schools of art and trades.

For students who wish to obtain this financial support, we have launched the High School Money portal, which, together with the forum dedicated to this national program, represents an efficient means of information.

The beneficiaries are students who are supported by families whose monthly gross income per family member, earned in the last 3 months prior to submitting the file, is a maximum of 500 lei, as well as students who benefit from a protection measure or are under guardianship or curatorship, if the above-mentioned income condition is met.

The documents will be submitted in copy, provided that, upon submission of the application, the applicant also presents the original documents.

IMPORTANT!

By adopting Government Decision 712/2018 (attached), starting with the 2018-2019 school year, each beneficiary will receive monthly, throughout the duration of the courses, provided that all the legal conditions stipulated are met, the amount of 250 lei/month.
In addition to the indexation of this amount (from 180 lei/month), the maximum threshold for granting the scholarship has also been increased from 150 lei to 500 lei/family member, given the need to correlate the granting threshold with the current economic situation.

Special and integrated special education is an integral part of the Romanian national education system and offers all children/pupils/young people educational programs adapted to the degree of deficiency and their development needs.

It is organized at all pre-university education levels, according to the type and degree of disability, as follows: mental, hearing, visual, locomotor, associated.

Inclusive education was adopted in Romania since the 1990s by respecting diversity, initiating and practically achieving access and participation in education and social life for all categories of children. Today, about half of students with disabilities are educated in mainstream education.

The legislation in the field of special education was thus designed to respond to a wide and very varied spectrum of special situations. Taking this reality into account, special, integrated special, and inclusive education have been organized at all levels of pre-university education, depending on the type and degree of disability.

Special education units for students with sensory impairments apply the curriculum of mainstream schools. These units only retain the structure and form of organization of the special education system, while in content, schooling, and specialization they are similar to mainstream schools. Special technological high schools, high school classes, and special post-secondary classes are organized following the mainstream school model (content, profiles, specializations, outcomes, objectives and/or competencies). Specific to these units remain the strategies, methods, and teaching/learning approaches.

Upon graduation, students from these special education units take national exams (tests, baccalaureate, or graduation exam) just like all graduates of mainstream education. For them, facilities and adaptations are provided for in the methodologies for organizing and conducting the exams.

For each student with severe, profound, or associated deficiencies, a personalized intervention plan is developed with objectives specific to their needs and psycho-individual development possibilities.

Students with special educational needs benefit from adaptations of examination procedures also in the case of current evaluations.

This methodology includes rules for the organization and conduct of the certification exam for graduates of high school education, technological branch, hereinafter referred to as the certification exam, for obtaining the qualification certificate, in accordance with art. 31 para. (6) and art. 77 para. (6) and (7) of the National Education Law no. 1/2011, with subsequent amendments and completions.

Graduates of high school education, technological branch, who take and pass the certification exam obtain the level 4 qualification certificate, according to the National Qualifications Framework, and the descriptive supplement of the certificate, in Europass format.

The 2018 National Baccalaureate Exam is conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Methodology for organizing and conducting the Baccalaureate exam - 2011 (approved by the order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth and Sports no. 4.799/2010 regarding the organization and conduct of the Baccalaureate exam - 2011, with subsequent amendments), and with the provisions of the attached minister's order.

The dedicated portal http://bacalaureat.edu.ro offers updated information regarding the methodology, calendar and results of the Baccalaureate exam.